Effect of phosphorus levels and planting dates in yield and quality of two faba bean varieties (Vicia faba L.)

Abstract

Abstract

   A research experiment was selected during the 2025-2026 winter season in the Al-Mahawil area, north of Babil Governorate (32°N, 44°E), to investigate the effect of cultivation, variety, and phosphorus levels in the growth and yield of broad bean. Three factors were present: first, three cultivation variables (D1, D2, D3), second, a specific broad bean variety (V1, V2), and third, three phosphorus levels (P1, P2, P3). The experiment was conducted using a arrangement (split- split plots) with a randomized complete block design (RCBD) and three replicases. The experiment concluded in April 1, 2026, and the results were analyzed using Genstat software. The Least Significant Difference (LSD) was selected at a p-value of 0.05. The product length is characterized as follows: The results showed the superiority of the Egyptian variety over the Spanish variety in the characteristics of (pod length (cm), number of pods (pods/plant⁻¹), number of seeds per pod (seed/pod⁻¹), weight of 100 seeds (g), and percentage of protein%), while the Spanish variety was superior in the characteristic of (harvest index%). The second planting date was also superior to the other dates, as was the third level of phosphorus (240 kg phosphorus / hectare) in most of the studied characteristics.