EFFET OF ADDING SUPERABSORBENTE POLYMERS (SAP) ON SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND PLANT PHOSPHOURS AVAILABILITY UNDER WATER STRESS CONDTIONS (A Review)

Abstract

        Polymers, regardless of their source, natural, synthetic, or even hybrid, modified polymers are highly important chemical compounds with promising applications in agriculture, as well as in industry, pharmaceuticals, and medicine. Superabsorbent polymers are among the most important soil improvers in modern agriculture, as their role extends beyond simply conserving water. This review explores the methods and importance of using modified polymers and the potential of these large chemical structures to improve certain agricultural systems in agricultural areas, especially arid or decertified regions. The use of such polymers has helped increase soil cohesion, improve its moisture retention capacity, reduce its density, and enhance soil aeration by creating a highly or moderately stable hydraulic zone around plant roots. The polymers have demonstrated water retention and have influenced phosphorus mobility and diffusion rates within the roots. All the above benefits have enhanced soil moisture sustainability due to the availability of most nutrients, whether loaded onto the polymer or due to its retention. All this ultimately facilitates photosynthesis, rapid root growth, and crop productivity in dry and desert soils.